@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans:wght@400;500;600&family=Roboto:wght@300;400;500;700&family=Ubuntu:wght@300;400&family=Varela+Round&display=swap");

:root {
  --ink: #333;
  --muted: #777;
  --link: #337ab7;
  --accent: #527e9f;
  --line: #ddd;
  --body: "Roboto", Arial, sans-serif;
  --heading: "Ubuntu", Arial, sans-serif;
}
* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 24px;
}
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 300;
  line-height: 1.55;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
a {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
button,
input {
  font: inherit;
}
button,
a,
input {
  touch-action: manipulation;
}
button {
  cursor: pointer;
}
button:disabled {
  cursor: default;
  opacity: 0.35;
}
img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}
figure,
p,
h1,
h2,
h3 {
  margin: 0;
}
strong {
  font-weight: 500;
}
sup {
  font-size: 0.65em;
  vertical-align: super;
  line-height: 0;
}
sub {
  line-height: 0;
}
svg {
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
}
[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}
a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible,
input:focus-visible,
summary:focus-visible,
[tabindex]:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--link);
  outline-offset: 5px;
}
::selection {
  background: #dceaf3;
}
.container {
  width: min(940px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin-inline: auto;
}
.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  left: 15px;
  top: -100px;
  background: white;
  padding: 10px 15px;
  z-index: 10;
}
.skip-link:focus {
  top: 10px;
}

/* Centered paper masthead, following the original NeRF page. */
.paper-header {
  padding-top: 28px;
  text-align: center;
}
.project-name {
  display: block;
  color: #4d4d4d;
  font:
    700 50px/1.3 "Varela Round",
    sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
.paper-title {
  display: block;
  font:
    400 23px/1.5 "Open Sans",
    sans-serif;
  margin-top: 3px;
}
.author-block {
  margin-top: 23px;
}
.authors {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px 23px;
  font:
    400 14px/1.6 "Open Sans",
    sans-serif;
}
.authors > span {
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.authors sup {
  margin-left: 2px;
}
.affiliations {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 2px 17px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin: 13px auto 0;
  max-width: 900px;
}
.author-notes {
  margin-top: 8px;
  font-size: 10px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}
.author-notes > span {
  margin-left: 6px;
}
.resource-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 68px;
  margin-top: 28px;
  margin-bottom: 26px;
}
.resource-link,
.resource-placeholder {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  width: 78px;
  color: #444;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.resource-link svg,
.resource-placeholder svg {
  width: 47px;
  height: 47px;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  stroke-width: 2.4;
}
.resource-link:hover {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.resource-link:hover > span {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.resource-placeholder small {
  font-size: 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 300;
  margin-top: 2px;
}
.paper-back {
  opacity: 0.5;
}
.teaser-frames {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 6px;
}
.teaser-frames img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
}
.teaser figcaption {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-top: 13px;
  text-align: center;
}
.teaser figcaption strong {
  display: block;
  font-weight: 400;
  margin-bottom: 3px;
}

/* A white, continuous reading column with plain section headings. */
.section {
  padding-top: 58px;
}
#abstract {
  padding-top: 12px;
}
h2 {
  font: 300 28px/1.35 var(--heading);
  color: #777;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
h3 {
  font: 400 18px/1.45 var(--heading);
  color: #555;
}
.section-heading {
  margin-bottom: 27px;
}
.section-heading p,
.section-intro {
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.section-intro {
  margin-bottom: 23px;
}
.video-placeholder {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 6;
  background: #f6f6f6;
  border: 1px solid #e7e7e7;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  color: #888;
}
.video-placeholder svg {
  width: 58px;
  height: 58px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  stroke: #999;
  stroke-width: 1.5;
}
.video-placeholder p {
  font: 300 20px/1.5 var(--heading);
}
.video-placeholder > span {
  font-size: 13px;
  margin-top: 5px;
}
.video-tasks {
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 13px;
  margin-top: 11px;
}
.abstract {
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  text-align: justify;
}
.overview-figure {
  width: min(630px, 100%);
  margin: 25px auto 28px;
}
.method-figure {
  margin-top: 30px;
}
.method-figure img {
  width: 100%;
}
.method-figure figcaption {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 13px;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-top: 13px;
}
.method-figure figcaption span {
  white-space: nowrap;
  color: var(--link);
  margin-left: 3px;
}
.method-steps {
  margin-top: 26px;
}
.method-steps article {
  margin-top: 15px;
}
.method-steps h3 {
  display: inline;
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 500 16px/1.6 var(--body);
}
.method-steps p {
  display: inline;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.method-takeaway {
  margin-top: 18px;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

/* Benchmark plots retain their published values and interactive selector. */
.benchmark-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  margin: 28px 0 22px;
}
.segmented-control {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.segmented-control button {
  background: none;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  padding: 7px 14px;
  margin-bottom: -1px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 13px;
}
.segmented-control button[aria-pressed="true"] {
  color: var(--link);
  border-bottom-color: var(--link);
}
.benchmark-panel {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 215px;
  gap: 38px;
  padding: 15px 0 26px;
}
.latency-chart {
  min-width: 0;
}
.chart-label {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 23px;
}
.bar-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 91px 1fr 74px;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 21px;
}
.bar-row > span {
  font-size: 13px;
}
.bar-row > strong {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-align: right;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.bar-row small {
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.bar-track {
  height: 24px;
  background: #f7f7f7;
}
.bar-track > span {
  display: block;
  height: 100%;
  background: #b4bdc5;
  transition: width 0.25s ease;
}
.bar-row.ours .bar-track > span {
  background: var(--accent);
}
.bar-row.ours {
  color: #3c6685;
}
.chart-axis {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-left: 103px;
  margin-right: 86px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-top: 7px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 10px;
}
.latency-insight {
  border-left: 1px solid #eee;
  padding-left: 29px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
}
.insight-value {
  color: #555;
  font: 300 35px/1.2 var(--heading);
}
.latency-insight p {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: 4px;
}
.insight-divider {
  height: 1px;
  background: #eee;
  margin: 17px 0;
}
.latency-insight > strong {
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 300;
  color: #555;
}
.protocol-details {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e8e8e8;
  padding: 13px 0;
  color: #666;
  font-size: 13px;
}
.protocol-details summary {
  cursor: pointer;
  color: #555;
  margin-left: 15px;
}
.protocol-details summary:hover {
  color: var(--link);
}
.protocol-details p {
  margin-top: 12px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.table-wrapper {
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin-top: 28px;
}
.results-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 14px;
  text-align: right;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.results-table caption {
  font: 400 17px/1.5 var(--heading);
  color: #555;
  text-align: left;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.results-table th,
.results-table td {
  padding: 11px 12px;
}
.results-table th:first-child {
  text-align: left;
  padding-left: 4px;
}
.results-table thead th {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: #666;
  font-size: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
}
.results-table tbody th {
  font-weight: 400;
}
.results-table tbody tr {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
}
.results-table td:nth-child(2),
.results-table th:nth-child(2) {
  text-align: center;
}
.results-table tr.ours {
  background: #f2f5f7;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.results-table tr.ours th {
  font-weight: 500;
}
.results-table small {
  font-weight: 300;
  font-size: 11px;
}
.figure-note {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: #666;
  margin-top: 16px;
}
.generalization-heading {
  margin-top: 53px;
}
.generalization-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.generalization-heading > div > p {
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.gain-callout {
  margin-top: 15px;
}
.gain-callout strong {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #555;
}
.gain-callout p {
  display: inline;
  margin-left: 4px;
  font-size: 15px;
}
.generalization-panel {
  margin-top: 28px;
}
.chart-legend {
  display: flex;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: center;
  color: #666;
  font-size: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}
.chart-legend > span {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
}
.chart-legend i {
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  display: inline-block;
}
.legend-ours {
  background: var(--accent);
}
.legend-baseline {
  background: #b4bdc5;
}
.chart-legend .legend-unit {
  margin-left: auto;
}
.generalization-chart {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
}
.perturbation {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column-reverse;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}
.perturbation > span {
  font-size: 12px;
}
.paired-bars {
  height: 190px;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: flex-end;
  gap: 7px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: repeating-linear-gradient(
    to top,
    transparent 0,
    transparent calc(25% - 1px),
    #f0f0f0 calc(25% - 1px),
    #f0f0f0 25%
  );
}
.ood-bar {
  position: relative;
  height: var(--value);
  width: 27px;
}
.ood-bar.ours {
  background: var(--accent);
}
.ood-bar.baseline {
  background: #b4bdc5;
}
.ood-bar span {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: calc(100% + 4px);
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  font-size: 11px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.ood-bar.ours span {
  color: #3c6685;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.ood-bar.baseline span {
  color: #666;
}
.generalization-panel > .figure-note {
  margin-top: 22px;
}

/* Recorded snapshots are plainly identified as still images. */
.rollout-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
}
.rollout-card figcaption {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 2px;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 11px;
}
.rollout-card strong {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.rollout-card figcaption > span {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.rollout-card.ours strong {
  color: #3c6685;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.rollout-image {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.rollout-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}
.rollout-state {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 7px;
  left: 7px;
  color: #fff;
  background: #333d;
  padding: 2px 6px;
  font-size: 10px;
}
.rollout-card.complete .rollout-state {
  background: #35694f;
}
.rollout-card.complete .rollout-image {
  outline: 2px solid #35694f;
  outline-offset: -2px;
}
.frame-note {
  font-size: 11px;
  margin-top: 5px;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.timeline-controls {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
  margin-top: 12px;
  padding-block: 14px;
  border-block: 1px solid #eee;
}
.step-button {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background: #fff;
  color: #555;
  padding: 0;
}
.step-button:hover:not(:disabled) {
  background: #f5f5f5;
}
.timeline-input {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}
.timeline-input label {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: 13px;
}
.timeline-input output {
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--link);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.timeline-input input {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 9px 0 6px;
  accent-color: var(--accent);
  cursor: ew-resize;
}
.playback-toolbar {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px 16px;
  margin-top: 22px;
}
.playback-toolbar > span {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.playback-toolbar .button {
  min-width: 100px;
}
.timeline-ticks {
  position: relative;
  height: 19px;
  margin-inline: 10px;
  font-size: 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.timeline-ticks span {
  position: absolute;
  top: 2px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.real-stats {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 30px;
  text-align: center;
  padding-block: 16px;
}
.real-stats span {
  color: #555;
  font: 300 32px/1.3 var(--heading);
}
.real-stats small {
  font-size: 20px;
}
.real-stats p {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #666;
  margin-top: 7px;
}
.closing-insight {
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.citation-section {
  padding-top: 55px;
}
.citation-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
}
.citation-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.button {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background: #fff;
  color: #555;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.button:hover {
  background: #f5f5f5;
}
pre {
  background: #f5f5f5;
  margin: 21px 0 0;
  padding: 22px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.6;
  overflow-x: auto;
  tab-size: 2;
}
code {
  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Consolas, monospace;
}
.copy-status {
  min-height: 20px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--link);
  margin-top: 5px;
}
.footer {
  margin-top: 36px;
  padding-block: 20px 30px;
  border-top: 1px solid #eee;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.footer a {
  color: #666;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .container {
    width: calc(100% - 32px);
  }
  .paper-header {
    padding-top: 23px;
  }
  .project-name {
    font-size: 42px;
  }
  .paper-title {
    font-size: 20px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    max-width: 550px;
    margin: 6px auto 0;
  }
  .authors {
    gap: 7px 17px;
    font-size: 13px;
  }
  .affiliations {
    font-size: 11px;
    gap: 3px 13px;
  }
  .author-notes {
    font-size: 10px;
    max-width: 550px;
    margin-inline: auto;
    margin-top: 10px;
  }
  .resource-links {
    gap: 42px;
    margin-top: 25px;
    margin-bottom: 23px;
  }
  .resource-link svg,
  .resource-placeholder svg {
    width: 43px;
    height: 43px;
  }
  .teaser-frames {
    gap: 4px;
  }
  .teaser figcaption {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .section {
    padding-top: 42px;
  }
  h2 {
    font-size: 26px;
    margin-bottom: 17px;
  }
  .video-placeholder {
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 8;
  }
  .video-placeholder svg {
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    margin-bottom: 9px;
  }
  .video-placeholder p {
    font-size: 18px;
  }
  .video-placeholder > span,
  .video-tasks {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .abstract {
    text-align: left;
  }
  .section-heading p,
  .section-intro,
  .abstract,
  .method-steps h3,
  .method-steps p,
  .method-takeaway,
  .closing-insight {
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.65;
  }
  .overview-figure {
    margin-block: 24px;
    max-width: 570px;
  }
  .method-figure {
    margin-top: 24px;
  }
  .method-figure figcaption {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .benchmark-heading {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 15px;
  }
  .benchmark-heading h3 {
    font-size: 17px;
  }
  .benchmark-panel {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 25px;
  }
  .latency-insight {
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #eee;
    padding: 18px 0 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 5px 20px;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .insight-value {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 1;
    font-size: 29px;
  }
  .latency-insight > p:first-of-type {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 2;
  }
  .latency-insight > strong {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 1;
    font-size: 23px;
  }
  .latency-insight > p:last-child {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 2;
  }
  .latency-insight p {
    font-size: 12px;
    margin-top: 0;
  }
  .insight-divider {
    display: none;
  }
  .bar-row {
    grid-template-columns: 81px 1fr 63px;
    gap: 10px;
  }
  .bar-row > span {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .bar-row > strong {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
  .chart-axis {
    margin-left: 91px;
    margin-right: 73px;
    font-size: 9px;
  }
  .results-table {
    font-size: 13px;
  }
  .results-table th,
  .results-table td {
    padding: 10px;
  }
  .figure-note,
  .protocol-details {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .generalization-heading {
    margin-top: 40px;
  }
  .generalization-heading > div > p {
    font-size: 15px;
  }
  .gain-callout p {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
  .chart-legend {
    gap: 16px;
    font-size: 11px;
  }
  .chart-legend .legend-unit {
    font-size: 10px;
  }
  .generalization-chart {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 17px;
  }
  .perturbation {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr;
    gap: 12px;
    align-items: center;
  }
  .perturbation > span {
    font-size: 13px;
  }
  .paired-bars {
    height: auto;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    gap: 6px;
    border: 0;
    max-width: calc(100% - 33px);
    background: repeating-linear-gradient(
      to right,
      transparent 0,
      transparent calc(25% - 1px),
      #f0f0f0 calc(25% - 1px),
      #f0f0f0 25%
    );
  }
  .ood-bar {
    height: 15px;
    width: var(--value);
  }
  .ood-bar span {
    left: calc(100% + 5px);
    top: 50%;
    bottom: auto;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    font-size: 11px;
  }
  .rollout-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 20px 13px;
  }
  .rollout-card figcaption {
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 5px;
  }
  .rollout-card strong {
    font-size: 13px;
  }
  .rollout-card figcaption > span {
    font-size: 10px;
  }
  .timeline-controls {
    gap: 12px;
  }
  .timeline-input label {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .timeline-endpoints {
    font-size: 10px;
  }
  .real-stats {
    gap: 16px;
  }
  .real-stats span {
    font-size: 29px;
  }
  .real-stats small {
    font-size: 17px;
  }
  .real-stats p {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  pre {
    font-size: 11px;
    padding: 16px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 440px) {
  .project-name {
    font-size: 37px;
  }
  .paper-title {
    font-size: 19px;
  }
  .authors {
    gap: 8px 16px;
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .affiliations {
    font-size: 10px;
  }
  .author-notes {
    font-size: 9px;
  }
  .author-notes > span {
    display: block;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
  .resource-links {
    gap: 27px;
  }
  .resource-link,
  .resource-placeholder {
    width: 70px;
    font-size: 14px;
  }
  .resource-link svg,
  .resource-placeholder svg {
    width: 39px;
    height: 39px;
  }
  .teaser figcaption {
    font-size: 11px;
  }
  .section {
    padding-top: 36px;
  }
  h2 {
    font-size: 24px;
  }
  .video-tasks {
    max-width: 270px;
    margin-inline: auto;
  }
  .video-placeholder p {
    font-size: 17px;
  }
  .video-placeholder svg {
    width: 38px;
    height: 38px;
  }
  .rollout-card figcaption {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2px;
  }
  .timeline-endpoints span:nth-child(2) {
    display: none;
  }
  .chart-axis {
    font-size: 8px;
  }
  .chart-label {
    font-size: 11px;
  }
  .real-stats span {
    font-size: 25px;
  }
  .real-stats p {
    font-size: 11px;
  }
  .real-stats small {
    font-size: 15px;
  }
  .footer {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    text-align: center;
  }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    transition: none !important;
    animation: none !important;
  }
}